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General Biology Study Notes, Questions and Answers

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With a reason name the process by which Sodium ion could have been taken up by this plant.If a plant were exposed to a metabolic poison, which ion would stop being taken in by the plant.
Two characteristics are employed to categorize organisms in the phylum Arthropoda into various classes.Name them.
What happens when you shine light on maggots, Euglena, and Chlamydomonas, and why do they behave differently in response to it?
Identify the neuron, the parts labeled A and B and on the diagram indicate the direction of movement of a nerve impulse along the neuron.
What was present in the urine sample.What was the student's assessment of the individual's health status based on the observation.
Define the term 'vaccine'.
Besides poliomyelitis,mention another immunizable disease in Kenya.
Name the part of human body where the poliomyelitis virus affect.
What is the essential product of anaerobic respiration in the brewing and bread making industries.
List the top 4 taxonomic ranks in order, starting from the highest level.
State the purpose of the condenser in a light microscope.
State the purpose of the diaphragm in a light microscope.
State the purpose of the coarse adjustment knob in a light microscope.
State 4 factors that affect active transpiration.
What is active transport.
State the adaptations of palisade cells that enable them to carry out their function, and how do these adaptations work.
Name the gap between incisors and premolars in some herbivores and state its function.
State the difference between the terms 'homodont' and 'heterodont'.
What was the specific factor under investigation in the experiment depicted in the provided image.
Calculate the overall number of teeth based on the dental formula for an adult human.
Write the dental formula of an adult human.
Name 2 diseases that affect human teeth.
List 2 roles the colon plays in the process of digestion.
Describe the adaptations of the ileum that enable it to carry out its functions.
What is the deficiency disease that results from a lack of Vitamin B1.
What is the deficiency disease that results from a lack of Vitamin D.
What is the deficiency disease that results from a lack of Vitamin A.
To which kingdom do organisms known as Yeast belong?
To which kingdom do organisms known as Paramecium belong.
To which kingdom do organisms known as Bacteria belong?
How long is each onion skin cell when we look at it through a microscope. See a practical example on calculating the length of each epidermal cell in micrometers.
Define the term 'cell' .
Identify the taxonomic category containing the lowest number of organisms.
Identify the taxonomic category containing the highest number of organisms.
Name the organelles in a cell that are responsible for carbohydrate synthesis.
Which cellular organelles are involved in the generation of energy.
Which organelles in a cell packages cell secretions.
Name the cellular organelles that are responsible for the production of ribosomes.
Explain on how can the concept of surface area to volume ratio be applied to clarify the rate of diffusion in organisms.
Explain the procedure for conducting tests to detect the presence of reducing sugar in food.
Explain the procedure for conducting tests to detect the presence of starch in food.
Highlight 2 considerations when classifying organisms as belonging to the same species.
Why is a mule, which results from the mating of a horse and a donkey, unable to reproduce.
What is the formula for calculating magnification when using a light microscope.
What is the equation to determine magnification when employing a hand lens or observing with the naked eye.
What primary role do monosaccharides serve in organisms.
Explore the common properties of monosaccharide.
What is compensation point.
List any 3 elements/factors that influence the speed/rate of diffusion.
What does the term 'organ systems' refer to in organisms.
State the role of root hairs in plants.
What is the importance of stomata for a leaf.
Why is the presence of air spaces important for leaves. Explain.
Explain why the thinness of a leaf is important.
Explain why nucleic acids are important for organisms.
What was the purpose of the plant experiment, and what's one thing that could change how it works.
What are the effects on an enzyme molecule when the temperature drops below 10°C.
What is denaturation? What happens to an enzyme molecule when the temperature exceeds 40°C.
What are the parts of an enzyme where molecules fit when they're working together in a chemical reaction.
Name 3 things can change how enzymes work.
A piece of Visking tubing filled with potassium permanganate was dipped in distilled water for 2 hours. The water turned purple. This investigated a physiological process. Explain why.
Name the term used to describe the process in which red blood cells undergo wrinkling due to water loss when placed in a hypertonic solution.
What is the name of the process in photosynthesis where light causes the splitting of water molecules.
What are genotype and phenotype. Differentiate between genotype and phenotype.
Define the term 'Monohybrid Inheritance'.
What is the function of coleoptile in germinating maize grain.
Name 2 harmful effects of insects.
What is metamorphosis. Name 2 benefits of metamorphosis in the lives of insects.
Identify the agent responsible for dispersing the fruit.
How is the granum adapted to perform its role in photosynthesis.
What are the roles of Luteinizing Hormone in males.
What are the roles of Follicle Stimulating Hormone in males.
Define cytology and entomology.Differentiate between Cytology and Entomology.
What role do the structural features of protandry and protogyny play in the context of flowering.
Name the function of centrioles in cell division.
Name the function of spindle fibres in cell division.
On a cold day, a small mammal's usually pink ears turn a lighter shade of pink. Why does this happen.
Body size and heart size are linked, with the heart typically comprising 0.59% of an organism's total body weight. If a healthy adult's heart weighs 0.4838 kg, what is their total body weight.
Identify the blood vessel from which the coronary artery branches.
Name the structure responsible for preventing backflow of blood when ventricular pressure decreases.
Provide its dental formula.Identify the mode of nutrition of the organism based on its dental formula.Give a reason for your answer in (b) above.
What are 3 types of food that plant-eating(herbivores) animals get when they eat green grass in bright sunlight during the day.
Identify the feedback mechanism labeled B in the diagram.Identify Hormone R.
Explain the function of the coarse adjustment knob on a light microscope.
Provide explanations for 2 factors that could have contributed to the changes in fish populations.
Identify the method of population estimation shown and state its limitations.Estimate the population of the beetles.
Based on the table given, which blood, either entering or leaving the lungs, has a higher carbon dioxide content.What accounts for the disparity in oxygen and carbon (IV) oxide content between blood entering the lungs and blood leaving the lungs.
What is photolysis.Name the significance of photolysis.
After applying Vaseline to the abdomen of a locust, what were the anticipated outcomes ten minutes later.Explain the observed outcomes mentioned earlier.
Provide the plant species and describe three ways it has adapted to its environment.
Young onion root tip is ideal for examining the stages of mitosis,explain.
Name the causative agents of Malaria.
Name the causative agents of Cholera.
Why does breaking down glucose with oxygen give us more energy (2880 kJ) compared to when we break it down without oxygen (150 kJ).
State 4 environmental problems that can be solved by studying biology.
What is a Bait Trap? Read on the functions of a Bait Trap.
What is a specimen bottle? Read on the functions of a specimen bottle.
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